Chapter 8| Conservation Of Plants And Animals | Class- 8 DAV Science Solutions

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DAV Class- 8 Science Conservation of Plants and Animals Question and Answer

Something To Know

A. Fill in the blanks.

1. International Day for biological diversity is observed on 22 May.

2. A group of organisms, capable of interbreeding under natural conditions, is known as a species.

3. species are the species that are found only in a particular area endemic.

4. Bandipur National park (BNP) is an important reserve for Project Tiger.

5. Gahirmatha turtle sanctuary in Odisha is the breeding ground for the ‘giant olive ridley turtle’ which migrate here from the Pacific Ocean.

B. Match the following.

1. Rhinoceros ———- (b) Kaziranga national park

2. Giant Panda ——— (d) endangered

3. Flamingos———– (e) migration

4. Cheetah————-(a) vulnerable

5. Passenger Pigeon—– (c) extinct

C. Tick (✓) the correct option.

1. Protection, and preservation of wildlife and natural resources, is known as—

(a) afforestation (b) preservation (c) deforestation (d) conservation

Answer 1: (d) Conservation

2. The cheetah is a vulnerable species because—

(a) it is found in selected areas.

(b) it will be ‘extinct’ soon.

(c) it will be ‘endangered’ soon.

(d) its hunting is banned.

Answer 2: (c) it will be ‘endangered’ soon.

3. Plants, found in a particular area, are referred to as—

(a) species (b) forest

(c) flora (d) fauna

Answer 3: (c) flora

4. Which one of the following is not an outcome of deforestation in an area?

(a) increased rainfall (b) increased temperature

(c) decreased rainfall (d) decreased soil erosion

Answer 4: (a) increased rainfall and (d) decreased soil erosion.

5. A region, in which ‘conservation of biodiversity’ in its natural habitat is practised, is known as a-

(a) botanical garden (b) national park
(c) aquarium (d) Zoo

Answer 5: (b) national park

D. Answer the following questions in brief.

1. How have ‘urbanisation and industrialisation’ led to a large scale deforestation’?

Answer 1: Large areas of forest have been cleared to make way for urbanization and industrialization. Thus, urbanization and industrialization have led to a large scale deforestation.

2. A new species X is introduced in a forest. How is it likely to affect the local species of the area?

Answer 2: The new species may prey on, or compete for resources with the existing species. Thus, the introduction of a new species is generally harmful to the ecosystem of a forest.

3. What is a Biosphere Reserve? Name two biosphere reserves in India.

Answer 3: Biosphere reserve is an international conservation designation given by UNESCO under its programme on ‘Man and the Biosphere (MAB)’.

Two examples of biosphere reserves in India are: Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve.

4. How does the ‘Red data book’ help in protecting biodiversity?

Answer 4: Red Data Book provides the list of animals and plants whose continued existence is under threat. Thus, it helps in identifying the species at risk. Timely corrective measures can be taken to protect such species.

5. Why do some birds and animals migrate?

Answer 5: Some birds and animals need to migrate in search of food and breeding places when conditions at a particular place become too harsh to continue living there.

6. How do birds ‘get helped’ in navigation while undertaking long-distance flights?

Answer 6: The precise methods by which animals and birds navigate are still obscure. But it appears that the birds and animals take the help of the Sun and stars, and possibly the earth’s magnetic field. This is achieved through an inbuilt ‘magnetic compass’. which is a tiny mass of tissue, between the eye and the brain in birds.

7. Distinguish between a National Park and a Wildlife Sanctuary.

Answer 7: Most of human activities are prohibited in a National Park. It is protected from human development and pollution. Whereas some human activities are permitted in a Wildlife Sanctuary. Hunting, killing or capturing of animals is prohibited in Wildlife Sanctuary.

E. Answer the following questions.

1. Explain how deforestation can result in droughts and floods.

Answer 1: Trees help in reducing the flow of water. Thus, trees help in preventing soil erosion Trees also help in rains by making an immense contribution to atmospheric moisture by way of transpiration. Deforestation results in reduced and erratic rainfall which often results in droughts. The absence of obstruction from trees also results in excess water flow causing flood.

2. ‘Extinction of tiger can destabilise the entire forest ecosystem and result in a large scale loss of biodiversity.’ Justify this statement.

Answer 2: Tigers are important components of an ecosystem Being at the top of the food pyramid, tigers check the population of herbivores. This helps in preventing the green plants from being wiped out. The absence of tigers from the ecosystem would result in a population explosion of herbivores. This will have disastrous consequences on the ecosystem.

3. Why are endemic species at a greater risk of becoming extinct? List the ‘human action related causes’ that are responsible for their extinction.

Answer 3: Endemic species are adapted to live in limited areas. Any disturbance to their natural habitat can prove to be dangerous for their existence. Hence, they are at a greater risk of becoming extinct.

Human related actions that are responsible for the extinction of endemic species are:

• Farming

• Deforestation

• Overgrazing

• Construction activities

4. ‘The growing human population poses a grave threat to biodiversity.’ Justify this statement.

Answer 4: Growing human population means that more land is required for farming, for making new houses and for making roads and industries. This necessitates deforestation. This also increases industrial activities which result in increased levels of environmental pollution. Thus, it destroys biodiversity in the long run. Hence, it can be said that growing human population poses a grave threat to biodiversity.

5. Explain the difference between extinct, endangered and vulnerable species.

Answer 5:

Extinct species	Endangered species	Vulnerable species
These species do not longer exist on the earth	These species face a high risk of extinction in near future.	These species face a high risk of extinction in medium term.
Example: Dodo, passenger pigeon	Examples: Giant panda, snow leopard.	Examples: Cheetah, sloth bear.

6. List five ways in which you, as an individual, can contribute to conserving forests and wildlife.

Answer 6: The five ways by which one can contribute to conserving forests and wildlife are:

• Reducing the consumption of various items.

• Reusing old items.

• Recycling discarded items.

• By using public transport.

• By using bicycles wherever possible.

Value-Based Questions

Anil went to the house of his friend Rohan. They decided to draw a picture of their choice on a sheet of white paper. Not happy with their efforts, they crossed many sheets and threw them around. When Rohan’s elder sister saw them wasting paper, she, in a sweet voice, told them that they should not waste paper, just like that. She not only helped them to draw good pictures but also guided them to make interesting toys from the sheets they had thrown around. She explained to them how, by recycling and reusing paper, they can help in conserving/improving our ecosystem.

1. State the values displayed by Rohan’s elder sister.

2. Why do we say that wasting paper can damage our ecosystem?

3. Have a group discussion in which each student gives her/his suggestions on recycling/ reusing waste paper.

Do it yourself

Chapter 8| Conservation of Plants and Animals | Class- 8 DAV Science Solutions