Khel Praveen Class 9 Unit 5, Sports, moves from India’s indigenous martial arts to modern combat and outdoor sports, with the basic skills of each. It holds Chapters 18 to 20.
Chapters in Khel Praveen Unit 5
Chapter 18: Indigenous martial arts and sport: Thang-Ta of Manipur (thang, sword; ta, spear) combines body, breath and blade. Gatka, from the Sikh tradition, uses a wooden stick called a soti in place of a sword. Kalaripayattu of Kerala (kalari, a training place; payattu, practice) is said to be about 3,000 years old. Mallakhamb, the ‘wrestler’s pole’, was part of Gurukul training and links yoga, martial arts and wrestling.
Gymnastics and swimming: gymnastics comes from the Greek gymnos. Friedrich GutsMuths is called its grandfather and Friedrich Ludwig Jahn its father, and the sport is governed by the FIG, founded in 1881. Swimming moves the body through water with arm strokes and leg kicks, and is also used for rehabilitation because it is a non-weight-bearing exercise.
Chapter 19: Combat sports: judo grew from Japanese jiu-jitsu; Jigoro Kano opened the first judo school in 1882 at the Eishoji temple in Tokyo, and it entered the Olympics at Tokyo 1964. Wrestling has two Olympic styles, freestyle and Greco-Roman, which bans attacks on the legs. The unit also covers taekwondo from Korea and boxing, whose modern form follows the Marquess of Queensberry rules from England.
Chapter 20: Outdoor sports: hockey, with India marking 100 years of Indian hockey on 7 November 2025 and a table of its Olympic gold medals from Amsterdam 1928 (captain Jaipal Singh Munda) onwards. It also covers basketball, cricket, archery, softball (begun indoors in Chicago in 1887) and tennis, where India’s stars include Leander Paes, Mahesh Bhupathi, Sania Mirza, Rohan Bopanna and Sumit Nagal.
Read Khel Praveen Unit 5 Online
More Chapters
- Previous: Unit 4: Sports for All
- Next: Unit 6: Yoga for Holistic Health and Personal Excellence
- All Physical Education chapters and the other Class 9 books: Class 9 NCERT books 2026-27
FAQ
What does Thang-Ta mean?
Thang means sword and ta means spear; it is the martial art of Manipur.
Who started the first judo school?
Professor Jigoro Kano, in 1882, at the Eishoji temple in Tokyo.
What is the difference between freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling?
In Greco-Roman wrestling a wrestler may not attack the opponent’s legs or use their own legs to trip or lift; otherwise the rules are the same.