Madhurima Class 9 Chapter 9, Music Travels Around the World, follows music as it moves with people from one region and country to another.
What Madhurima Chapter 9 Covers
Music and migration: when people settle in a new country they form a diaspora and carry their music with them, to stay linked to home, bond with other migrants and voice their hardships.
Chutney music: born when people from Bihar and Uttar Pradesh went to the Caribbean in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Bhojpuri folk songs and bhajans mixed with soca and calypso, with lyrics in Bhojpuri, Hindi, English and Creole. Listening: Sundar Popo’s ‘Phulowrie Bina Chutney Kaise Bani’.
UK Bhangra: Punjabi migrants who reached Britain between the 1950s and 1980s brought dhol-driven Bhangra; their children mixed it with reggae, hip-hop, pop and electronic music. Migration also ran the other way: the Siddi Dhamāl of Gujarat joins African and Gujarati traditions, and flamenco in Spain traces back to Roma migrations from Rajasthan.
Families of instruments: the Nāṭyaśhāstra’s four groups (tata, suṣhira, avanaddha, ghana) fit instruments worldwide. The lute family (wide body, narrow neck) includes the oud, banjo, Japanese shamisen, Puerto Rican cuatro and Indian sarod. The flute family includes the ocarina, recorder, bansuri and Japanese shakuhachi. The bowed rāvaṇa-hatthā is still played in Rajasthan.
Making of the veena: carved from a single block of jackwood, with a resonator (kuḍam), a long hollow neck (daṇḍi) and a carved yazhi at the end. It is central to Carnatic music.
Exercises in Chapter 9
- Name two flute-family instruments and where they come from.
- Describe Chutney music in 50 words.
- Match the cuatro, sarod, shamisen and oud with India, Japan, West Asia and Puerto Rico.
- Explain what music does for people who migrate.
Read Madhurima Class 9 Chapter 9 Online
More Chapters
- Previous: Chapter 8: Rāga and Tāla
- Next: Chapter 10: Components of Dance
- All Art chapters and the other Class 9 books: Class 9 NCERT books 2026-27
FAQ
What is Chutney music?
A genre born among Indian migrants from Bihar and Uttar Pradesh in the Caribbean, mixing Bhojpuri folk songs and bhajans with soca and calypso.
Which instruments belong to the lute family?
Plucked string instruments with a wide body and narrow neck, such as the oud, banjo, shamisen, cuatro and sarod.