CG SCERT (Chhattisgarh Board) Class 9 Mathematics Solutions | 2026-27 Official Edition
Complete 100% textbook-grounded CG Board Class 9 Mathematics Chapter 12 Solutions: Transformation and Symmetry in Geometrical Shapes (ज्यामितीय आकृतियों में सममिति एवं रूपांतरण) in Bilingual Format (English & Hindi Medium).
Verbatim English Question We have given examples of…
हिंदी माध्यम प्रश्न
- Table / :
- 1. Dice / :
- Three-dimensional shape / : Cube /
- Top view / : Square /
- In front view / : Square /
- Left/Right view / : Square /
- 2. Toothpaste box / :
- Three-dimensional shape / : Cuboid /
- Top view / : Rectangle /
- In front view / : Rectangle /
- Left/Right view / : Rectangle /
- 3. Battery of a torch / :
- Three-dimensional shape / : Cylinder /
- Top view / : Circle /
- In front view / : Rectangle /
- Left/Right view / : Rectangle /
- 4. Ball / :
- Three-dimensional shape / : Sphere /
- Top view / : Circle /
- In front view / : Circle /
- Left/Right view / : Circle /
Verbatim English Question Write two examples from your…
हिंदी माध्यम प्रश्न
(i) Overturning / :**
- (ii) Shifting / :
- (iii) Rotating / :
- (iv) Scaling up / :
Verbatim English Question Choose motif and using transformations…
हिंदी माध्यम एक मूल ज्यामितीय आकृति मोटिफ जैसे…
Select a basic geometric shape (motif) such as a diamond shape or leaf symbol. Apply translation (sliding along a line), reflection (flips), and rotation (turning) repeatedly to create a continuous decorative border or tessellation pattern.
Verbatim English Question Would the corresponding sides and…
हिंदी माध्यम हाँ घूर्णन और परावर्तन उलटने के…
Yes, the corresponding sides and corresponding angles of a quadrilateral remain invariant (unchanged) under rotation and inversion (reflection). Reason: Both rotation and reflection are rigid transformations. A rigid transformation preserves distance between points and angle measures, so the transformed quadrilateral remains congruent to the original quadrilateral.
Verbatim English Question 1 Reflection is a rigid…
हिंदी माध्यम परावर्तन एक दृढ़ रूपांतरण है क्योंकि…
Reflection is a rigid transformation because it preserves the shape and size of the object. Under reflection, all side lengths, corresponding angles, and internal dimensions remain completely invariant, making the transformed figure congruent to the original figure.
In reflection, the perpendicular distance of the image from the line of reflection is always equal to the perpendicular distance of the object from the line of reflection.
- Given: Perpendicular distance of electric pole E from the road = 120 m.
- Taking the road as the line of reflection, the distance of the image E’ from the road is
- x = 120 m.
Verbatim English Question Look at the rotations in…
हिंदी माध्यम प्रश्न
- For First Figure (Triangle rotated about point O) / :
- Point of rotation / : O.
- Position of point / : Lies outside the figure. /
- Direction of rotation / : Clockwise / .
- Angle of rotation / : 90°.
- For Second Figure (Triangle rotated about point M) / :
- Point of rotation / : M.
- Position of point / : Lies on the boundary/vertex of the figure. / /
- Direction of rotation / : Anticlockwise / .
- Angle of rotation / : 120°.
Verbatim English Question Part A On the basis…
हिंदी माध्यम n भुजाओं वाले समबहुभुज में सममिति…
A regular polygon with n sides has exactly n lines of symmetry. Yes, there is a direct relation: For any regular polygon of n sides, the number of sides, the number of lines of symmetry, and the order of rotational symmetry are all equal to n.
Verbatim English Question 1 What symmetry can be…
हिंदी माध्यम प्रश्न
- Sub-question 1 / – 1:
- Letter I / I: Linear symmetry (2 lines) and rotational symmetry of order 2. Point of symmetry is the center of the letter I. / 2 I
- Letter F / F: No line of symmetry and no rotational symmetry. /
- Letter N / N: Rotational symmetry of order 2. Point of symmetry is the geometric center of N. / 2 N
- Letter H / H: Linear symmetry (2 lines) and rotational symmetry of order 2. Point of symmetry is the center of H. / 2 H
- Letter G / G: No line of symmetry and no rotational symmetry. /
- Letter A / A: Linear symmetry (1 vertical line). No point of symmetry. /
- Letter O / O: Linear symmetry (multiple lines) and rotational symmetry. Point of symmetry is the center of O. / O
- Sub-question 2 / – 2:
- Upward Arrow / : Linear symmetry (1 vertical line). /
- Windmill (Pinwheel) / : Rotational symmetry. /
- Kiwi Slices / : Linear symmetry. /
- Isosceles Trapezium / : Linear symmetry (1 vertical line). /
- Starfish / : Both linear symmetry (5 lines) and rotational symmetry (order 5). /
Verbatim English Question Look at Fig15i and Fig15ii…
हिंदी माध्यम प्रश्न
- Fig. 15(i) / 15(i): The motif is a single ghost figure shape. / /
- Fig. 15(ii) / 15(ii): The motif is a single fish shape. /
Verbatim English Question:
1- What particular operation is happening in each of these figures? Observe, think and decide in which transformation the figure obtained is congruent to the original figure?
Exact Hindi Translation:
Bilingual Solution / :
- Step-by-step Solution / :
- English:
- The transformations taking place in the figures are Rigid Transformations (Translation, Reflection, Rotation) and Non-Rigid Transformation (Scaling/Resizing).
- Under Translation (Shifting), Reflection (Overturning), and Rotation (Turning), the obtained figure retains its exact size and shape. Therefore, the figure obtained in these three transformations is congruent to the original figure.
- Under Scaling (Scaling up or down), the size changes while the shape remains similar. Thus, the figure obtained under scaling is NOT congruent to the original figure.
- Hindi:
You have to make a border for the…
आपको एक कमरे की दीवार के लिए बॉर्डर…
You have to make a border for the wall of a room. Complete the following border: A, B, C, D, E, F. Look at the pattern and answer the following questions
(i) If you only had the figure ‘A’ as above, would you be able to make this complete pattern by translating, rotating or reflecting A?
(ii) Which figures can be obtained by transforming A? Which transformation will you use for this purpose?
(iii) Which transformation will you use to get D from B?
- (i) Yes, if we only had figure A, the complete border pattern can be created by applying translation, reflection, and rotation on figure A.
- (ii) Figures B, C, D, E, F can be obtained from A. Reflection (mirror flip) gives figure B from A. Translation (horizontal shift) along with reflection gives figures C, D, E, F.
- (iii) To get figure D from figure B, we use Translation (shifting horizontally to the right).
- (i) , A , A ,
- (iii) B D *
Taking l to be the line of reflection…
l को परावर्तन रेखा मानकर चित्रों को पूरा…
Taking ‘l’ to be the line of reflection complete the pictures: (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi).
- For each picture (i) to (vi), draw the identical symmetrical half on the opposite side of line ‘l’ at the same distance, creating a complete mirror image symmetrical with respect to line ‘l’.
Taking point M to be the point of…
बिंदु M को घूर्णन बिंदु मानकर निम्नलिखित आकृतियों…
Taking point ‘M’ to be the point of rotation, rotate the following figures as directed
(i) Clockwise by 90°
(ii) Anticlockwise by 30°
(iii) Clockwise by 60°
- (i) Rotating clockwise by 90° turns the given shape 90° to the right keeping point M fixed.
- (ii) Rotating anticlockwise by 30° turns the given shape 30° to the left keeping point M fixed.
- (iii) Rotating clockwise by 60° turns the given shape 60° to the right keeping point M fixed.
Choose any shape of your choice Using translation…
अपनी पसंद की कोई भी आकृति चुनिये। विस्थापन…
Choose any shape of your choice. Using translation, rotation, reflection design a border of the table cover.
- Select a geometric motif (e.g., a square or flower symbol). Translate it along the edge of the table cover and reflect or rotate it alternatively to construct a continuous symmetrical table cover border.
Look carefully at each of the basic pattern…
दाईं ओर दिए गए प्रत्येक मूल पैटर्न मोटिफ…
Look carefully at each of the basic pattern (motif) given on the right. Draw the next figure for each pattern. Which transformation did you use?
- Identify the rule of pattern progression in each given motif row. Draw the next motif accordingly. The primary transformation used is Translation (sliding) and Reflection (flipping).
Draw pictures of some objects that show
ऐसी कुछ वस्तुओं के चित्र बनाइये जो दर्शाती…
Draw pictures of some objects that show
(i) linear symmetry
(ii) rotational symmetry
- (i) Objects showing Linear Symmetry: Butterfly, Human face, Taj Mahal, Isosceles triangle, Maple leaf.
- (ii) Objects showing Rotational Symmetry: Ceiling fan blades, Pinwheel / Windmill, Wheel of a vehicle, Starfish, Square.
- (i) : , , , ,
Take a shape of your choice using it…
अपनी पसंद की कोई एक आकृति लीजिये उसे…
Take a shape of your choice, using it as the motif, create a pattern.
- Choose a motif (such as a triangle or diamond shape). Place it repeatedly on a plane without gaps or overlaps using translation and reflection to form a tessellated pattern.
Identify English alphabet that have
अंग्रेजी वर्णमाला के उन अक्षरों को पहचानिये जिनमें…
Identify English alphabet, that have
(i) two lines of symmetry
(ii) No lines of symmetry
(iii) rotational symmetry
- (i) Alphabets with TWO lines of symmetry: H, I, O, X (These letters have both a horizontal and a vertical line of symmetry).
- (ii) Alphabets with NO lines of symmetry: F, G, J, L, N, P, Q, R, S, Z.
- (iii) Alphabets with Rotational Symmetry: H, I, N, O, S, X, Z (These letters look identical to their original form after a 180° rotation, i.e., order of rotation = 2).
- (i) : H, I, O, X
- (iii) : H, I, N, O, S, X, Z