CG SCERT (Chhattisgarh Board) Class 9 English Reader (Flight) Solutions | 2026-27 Official Edition
Complete 100% textbook-grounded CG Board Class 9 English Reader (Flight) Chapter 13 Solutions: Unit 5 Reading A: Tattoos – A Tribal Heritage (गोदना – एक जनजातीय विरासत) in Bilingual Format (English & Hindi Medium).
Prereading Questions Q Given below are pictures of…
चित्रों से अवलोकन चित्रों में लोग पारंपरिक जनजातीय…
Observation from Pictures:** In the pictures, people are dressed in traditional tribal attire, wearing colorful headgears decorated with feathers, horns, and flowers. Men are playing traditional percussion drums such as mandar and dhol, performing stilt-walking (Gedi dance), and waving colorful cloths. Women are holding hands and dancing rhythmically in groups.
- Festival Celebration (e.g. Karma Festival): On Karma festival, we fast, worship the Karma tree branch, sing folk songs, and perform the traditional Karma dance throughout the night with our family and community.
Comprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
| Feature | Olden Times | Recent Times |
|---|---|---|
| *With What? | Using sharp thorns, soot mixed in animal fat, and natural plant dyes. | Using modern electric tattoo guns, sterile needles, and specialized chemical inks. |
| *Part of body? | Forehead, nose, chin, face, hands, and legs. | Wrists, forearms, palms, shoulders, neck, and back. |
#### I. How was tattooing in old days different from the way it has been in recent times? Complete the table.
| Tribe | Country / Region |
|---|---|
| Ainu | *Japan |
| Gond | *India / Central India |
| Berbers | *Tamazgha, North Africa |
| Maoris | *New Zealand |
| Atayal | *Taiwan |
| Parameter | Tattooing | Applying Mehendi |
|---|---|---|
| *Colour | Dark blue, black, or multi-coloured ink. | Reddish-brown, orange, or dark mahogany tone. |
| *Parts of body | Face, arms, legs, chest, or entire body. | Palms, back of hands, feet, and ankles. |
| *How it is prepared | Soot mixed in animal fat in old days; chemical ink injected into inner skin layer today. | Paste prepared by grinding fresh henna leaves or using ready-made henna cones. |
| *Life | Permanent (lasts for a lifetime). | Temporary (lasts for 1 to 3 weeks). |
| *Pain | Extremely painful procedure involving skin pricking. | Completely painless topical application on skin surface. |
Apatani women were beautiful Pick out the line…
Apatani women were beautiful Pick out the line…
The line from the text is: “…Apatani women were often abducted by the neighbouring Nishi tribesmen for their beauty, so to make themselves look unattractive, they tattooed their faces…”
Is tattooing still practised in Arunachal Pradesh Substantiate…
Is tattooing still practised in Arunachal Pradesh Substantiate…
No, traditional face tattooing is no longer actively practised among younger generations. The text states that the practice was banned by the government in the 1970s as ‘inhuman’, though elderly Apatani women can still be seen with traditional facial tattoos.
What is tattooing called in your local language…
What is tattooing called in your local language…
Tattooing is locally called ‘Godna’ in Chhattisgarh. Yes, people get tattooed today as a fashion statement. Modern individuals visit professional tattoo studios where artists use electric tattoo machines and hygienic needles to ink designs on their skin.
What is the name of the book written…
What is the name of the book written…
The name of the book written by Aditya Arya and Vibha Joshi is Land of the Nagas.
How are modernday tattoos different from the traditional…
How are modernday tattoos different from the traditional…
Traditional tattoos were deeply rooted in tribal identity, protection, and warfare, using crude tools like thorns and soot. In contrast, modern-day tattoos serve as personal fashion statements, individual style icons, or sports passion using advanced electric guns and sterile chemical inks.
Is tattooing harmful for the body Write two…
हानिकारक प्रभाव हाँ अस्वास्थ्यकर तरीके से टैटू बनवाने…
Harmful effects:** Yes, unhygienic tattooing can cause skin infections, blood-borne diseases, and allergic reactions.
- Two Precautions:
- Ensure that the tattoo artist uses a brand new, sterile needle and sanitized equipment.
- Check that the tattoo parlor follows strict hygiene standards and uses certified non-toxic skin inks.
unmarried Singpho girls were barred from wearing a…
unmarried Singpho girls were barred from wearing a…
Yes, in traditional society, certain ornaments like wearing ‘sindoor’ (vermilion), ‘mangalsutra’, toe-rings (bichhiya), and certain heavy traditional bridal jewellery are reserved exclusively for married women, while unmarried girls traditionally refrain from wearing them.
Vocabulary Exercises
Vocabulary Exercises
| Given Word | Opposite Word from Text | Bilingual Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| harmless | painful / violent | <-> / |
| release | abduct | <-> |
| weakness | prowess / virility / strength | <-> / |
| joy | pain | <-> / |
#### I. Opposite Words: Pick out from the text the words which mean opposite to the words given below.
Study of sciences and suffix identification
Study of sciences and suffix identification
- Question 2: What do you call someone who studies geology? -> *Geologist
- Question 3: What do you call someone who studies biology? -> *Biologist
- Question 4: What do you call someone who studies zoology? -> *Zoologist
- Identification: The suffix in all the above underlined words is -ist.
Meaning of Suffixes Table
Meaning of Suffixes Table
| Suffix | Example | Change in Meaning / Function |
|---|---|---|
| -est | tallest, biggest | Forms the superlative degree of an adjective. |
| -ful | beautiful, thankful | Means ‘full of’ or characterized by a quality. |
| -hood | childhood, neighbourhood | Denotes a state, period, or condition of being. |
| -ese | Japanese, Chinese | Denotes nationality, language, or origin. |
Words ending in ess where ess is NOT…
Words ending in ess where ess is NOT…
- prowess
- process
- address
- success
- express
Circle Prefixes and Complete Meaning Table
Circle Prefixes and Complete Meaning Table
| Meaning | Prefix | Meaning | Prefix | Meaning | Prefix |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| more | extra- / hyper- | three | tri- | self | auto- |
| together | co- / con- | before | pre- | half | semi- |
- Circle the Prefixes: autobiography, television, semi-circle, co-editor, tricycle, regain, pre-historic, anti-government.
- Prefixes and Meanings Table:
| Word | Prefix | Meaning of Prefix |
|---|---|---|
| disappear | dis- | opposite of, away, not |
| bicycle | bi- | two |
| anti-naxal | anti- | against, opposing |
| Vice Principal | Vice- | deputy, next in rank below |
| Ex. Prime Minister | Ex- | former, previous |
| incomplete | in- | not, lacking |
| mini-bus | mini- | small, miniature |
- You shouldn’t eat too much fast food. It is unhealthy. (health)
- He behaves in a very childish manner. (child)
- The team was able to win the championship. (champion)
- He was forced to reconsider his decision to resign. (consider)
- There were only a handful of people in the audience. (hand)
Grammar Exercises
Grammar Exercises
#### I. Passive Voice Identification from Text:
- Sentence 1: “Apatani women were often abducted by the neighbouring Nishi tribesmen for their beauty.”
- Agent of Action: the neighbouring Nishi tribesmen
- Sentence 2: “The ‘inhuman’ practice was banned by the government in the ’70s.”
- Agent of Action: the government
- Sentence 3: “The married women of the Singpho tribe… were tattooed on both legs…”
- Agent of Action: tribal custom / tattoo artists (Agent unknown in text)
- Sentence 4: “Facial tattoos were earned for taking their enemy’s head.”
- Agent of Action: Konyak warriors
- Sentence 5: “The heads were brought as trophies to hang in the Morong.”
- Agent of Action: headhunting tribesmen
- Cutting A: “The city cinema hall was damaged badly. Several buildings collapsed and many others…”
- Heading: Severe Earthquake Strikes City: Major Property Damage
- Cutting B: “Police were attacked by crowds of youths throwing stones and home-made bombs. One police vehicle…”
- Heading: Police Vehicle Attacked by Violent Mob with Bombs
- Cutting C: “Three railway officials were suspended on Tuesday for negligence of duty.”
- Heading: Three Railway Officials Suspended for Duty Negligence
- Cutting D: “Twenty five children were given bravery awards on the Republic Day.”
- Heading: 25 Brave Children Honoured with Republic Day Bravery Awards
Writing Listening Exercises
Writing Listening Exercises
#### I. Writing Exercise: Advertisement Draft
- English Draft:
CREATIVE POTTERY AND CLAY ART WORKSHOP
- Specialities: Hand-crafted terracotta pots, decorative clay murals, customized ceramic gifts, and traditional pottery training.
- Key Features: Economical, eco-friendly, non-toxic natural clay, expert guidance.
- Contact: Shilp Kala Kendra, Main Road, Jagdalpur (C.G.)
| Statement | Evaluation | Text Evidence from Appendix-I |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Henna was always used both by men & women. | False (✗) | “…traditionally used to decorate women’s palms but as time progressed men too started applying it.” |
| 2. Henna first originated in Egypt. | True (✓) | “Botanists believe that henna plant that originated in Egypt…” |
| 3. Henna was used in the past for colouring the cloth, leather and hair. | True (✓) | “Historically henna has also been used for medicinal purposes, to dye cloth and leather as well as hair…” |
| 4. Mehendi is used by all Indians during weddings and festivals. | True (✓) | “Mehndi in Indian tradition is typically applied during weddings and festivals…” |
| 5. In rural areas women prepare henna from fresh henna leaves. | True (✓) | “However, in rural areas in India, women grind fresh henna leaves on grinding stones…” |
Speaking Exercises
Speaking Exercises
#### Group Discussion Points: Opinions For and Against Tattooing / Godna
- Arguments FOR Tattooing:
- It preserves ancient tribal cultural heritage and art forms.
- It serves as a medium for self-expression, style statement, and personal identity.
- Modern tattoo procedures are safe when done under hygienic conditions.
- Arguments AGAINST Tattooing:
- It involves intense physical pain during skin piercing.
- Unhygienic needles can cause severe skin infections and blood diseases.
- A tattooed person is restricted from donating blood for 12 to 18 months in many countries.
- Certain government recruitments (like defense forces) restrict large visible tattoos.
Study Skills Data Analysis Folk Dances Bar Chart
Study Skills Data Analysis Folk Dances Bar Chart
#### Completion of Chhattisgarh Folk Dances Description Paragraph:
- Completed Paragraph (English Medium):
“The bar chart shows the rate of popularity in terms of percentage of people in Bastar, Koriya, Jashpur, Balod, and Kabirdham, in different forms of folk dances.
Panthi dance was liked by 24% of the people of Balod followed by Kabirdham and Bastar with 22% and 20% respectively. Pandvani was liked mostly by the people of Koriya followed by Bastar and Jashpur.
Of all the five districts, Raut dance is appreciated the most by the people of Balod at rate of 25%. Jashpur, Balod and Koriya had the next-highest interest rate in this folk form with 21% and 20%, respectively. Bastar had the lowest rate at 15%.”
* 24% , 22% 20% * ,
, * 25% , 21% 20% * 15% “