CG Board Class 9 Science Chapter 7 Solutions: Multicellular Structure: Tissue (बहुकोशिकीय संरचना: ऊतक) – 2026-27

CG SCERT (Chhattisgarh Board) Class 9 Science Solutions | 2026-27 Official Edition

Complete 100% textbook-grounded CG Board Class 9 Science Chapter 7 Solutions: Multicellular Structure: Tissue (बहुकोशिकीय संरचना: ऊतक) in Bilingual Format (English & Hindi Medium).


🌐 Select Language / माध्यम चुनें:

Part 1

In-Text Questions & Activities

Question 1

What major difference do you find while comparing…


📝 Question:

**: What major difference do you find while comparing your observation of both the stalks?

💡 Solution:

What major difference do you find while comparing your observation of both the stalks?

The stalk placed in clean water shows normal uncoloured internal tissue, whereas the stalk placed in red ink solution shows specific reddish regions in its transverse and longitudinal sections.

Question 2

Why do you think only some areas are…


📝 Question:

**: Why do you think only some areas are reddish in the second stalk?

💡 Solution:

Why do you think only some areas are reddish in the second stalk?

Only specific specialized conducting cells (xylem vessels and tracheids) are arranged in continuous tubes to transport water upwards, while surrounding ground tissue cells do not participate in direct water conduction.

Question 3

Can we say that these areas are involved…


📝 Question:

**: Can we say that these areas are involved in conduction of water in the stem?

💡 Solution:

Can we say that these areas are involved in conduction of water in the stem?

Yes, these coloured regions represent the vascular tissue (xylem) which is specifically responsible for the upward conduction of water and dissolved minerals from roots to other plant parts.

Question 4

Which bowl had longer radicles after the 5th…


📝 Question:

**: Which bowl had longer radicles after the 5th day?

💡 Solution:

Which bowl had longer radicles after the 5th day?

Bowl A had significantly longer radicles on the 5th day compared to Bowl B.

Question 5

Did the radicles grow after their tips were…


📝 Question:

**: Did the radicles grow after their tips were cut?

💡 Solution:

Did the radicles grow after their tips were cut?

No, the radicles in Bowl B stopped growing after their tips were removed because the fast-dividing growth tissue (apical meristem) present at the tip was cut off.

Section 7.1

Cell Theory

Question 6

What are the main statements of the cell…


📝 Question:

**: What are the main statements of the cell theory?

💡 Solution:

What are the main statements of the cell theory?

  1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells and their products.
  2. The cell is the structural and functional unit of life.
  3. All new cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell division.

Question 7

Could you observe chloroplast containing cells in the…


📝 Question:

**: Could you observe chloroplast containing cells in the leaf peel? What are they called?

💡 Solution:

Could you observe chloroplast containing cells in the leaf peel? What are they called?

Yes, chloroplast-containing kidney-shaped cells were observed in the dermal layer. They are called guard cells, which enclose microscopic pores called stomata.

Section 7.4.2

Muscular Tissue Function

Question 8

What are the different functions that are carried…


📝 Question:

**: What are the different functions that are carried out due to the presence of muscular tissue?

💡 Solution:

What are the different functions that are carried out due to the presence of muscular tissue?

Muscular tissue is responsible for all body movements. This includes external movements like movement of hands, legs, and trunk, as well as internal movements such as pumping of blood by the heart and movement of food in the digestive canal.

Section 7.5

Similar Functions in Plants and Animals

Question 9

Write about similar functions of animal and plant…


📝 Question:

**: Write about similar functions of animal and plant tissues.

💡 Solution:

Write about similar functions of animal and plant tissues.

  1. Structural Support: Wood (xylem) in plants and Bones/Cartilage in animals provide mechanical framework and support.
  2. Protection: Dermal tissue (epidermis) in plants and Epithelial tissue in animals form protective outer coverings.
  3. Conduction/Transport: Xylem and Phloem transport water and food in plants, while Fluid connective tissue (blood and lymph) transports nutrients and gases in animals.

Part 2

End-of-Chapter Exercises

Exercise Question 1

Choose the right option

(i) Grouping of plant tissues on the basis of function of conducting substances through them:

(a) xylem and parenchyma

(b) xylem and phloem

(c) phloem and dermal tissue

(d) parenchyma and aerenchyma

(ii) Tissues are:

(a) groups of cells

(b) cell and cytoplasm

(c) groups of cells and their surrounding fluid

(d) none of these

(iii) Lignin deposits are seen in one of the following tissues:

(a) parenchyma

(b) collenchyma

(c) chlorenchyma

(d) sclerenchyma

Exercise Question 2

Fill in the blanks

(i) ……………………….. tissue carries water and mineral salts in plants.

–

Answer / : *Transport / Xylem.

(ii) ……………………………. tissue is found in the inner lining of our mouth.

–

Answer / : *Epithelial.

(iii) …………………… and ………………… tissues render support and movement to our body parts.

–

Answer / : *Muscular and Connective.

SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 3

  • English: A tissue is an organization of a group of similar or dissimilar cells along with their surrounding intercellular fluid environment, working together in a coordinated pattern to perform one or more specific functions in a multicellular organism.
SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 4

  • English:
  1. Epithelial Tissue: Forms protective outer and inner linings of body organs, preventing mechanical injury and entry of pathogens.
  2. Xylem Tissue: Conducts water and dissolved mineral salts vertically upwards from roots to leaves in plants.
  3. Muscular Tissue: Contracts and relaxes to produce internal and external movements in animal bodies.
  • Hindi:
SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 5

Write about the importance of division of labour among tissues of multicellular organisms. /

  • English:

In multicellular organisms, single cells cannot efficiently perform all survival functions. Division of labour assigns specialized tasks (such as digestion, respiration, transport, protection, and excretion) to dedicated groups of tissues, organs, and organ systems. This specialization greatly increases physiological efficiency, prevents exhaustion of individual cells, and ensures survival of complex organisms.

  • Hindi:
SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 6

  • English:
  1. Husk / fibres of coconut.
  2. Hard seed coat of mature orange seeds.
  3. Dry fibres of bottle gourd.
  4. Hard shell of nuts and gritty pulp of guava.
  • Hindi:
SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 7

  • English:

Blood is classified as a fluid connective tissue because it possesses a liquid extracellular matrix called plasma in which blood cells float. It circulates throughout the entire body, structurally and functionally connecting different organs by transporting oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, hormones, and metabolic wastes.

  • Hindi:
SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 8

  • English:
  1. Marie François Xavier Bichat (1799): Coined the term ’tissue’ while studying human organs without using a microscope, classifying animal tissues into 3 major groups (fibrous, serous, mucous) and 21 sub-types.
  2. Nehemiah Grew (1641-1712): Coined the term ‘Parenchyma’ for soft, thin-walled plant cells.
  3. Karl Von Nägeli: Introduced the concept of formative tissues (‘Meristem’) and stable permanent tissues, and named vascular tissues as ‘Xylem’ and ‘Phloem’.
  4. Schleiden and Schwann: Identified similarities between plant parenchyma and animal epithelial cells, contributing to the formulation of the Cell Theory.
  • Hindi:
SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 9

+———–+

`

Plant Tissues

On the basis of division & differentiation

+————————+————————+

Meristematic Permanent

(Fast dividing cells at tips) (Lost or divide slowly)

| On basis of organization

| +————————+————————+

| Simple complex

| (Layers of similar cells) (Layers of different cells)

| +———-+———-+ +———-+———-+

| Dermal Ground Xylem Phloem

| (Protective lining) (Support & storage) (Water transport) (Food transport)

| Epidermal cells Parenchyma Collenchyma Tracheids/Vessels Sieve tubes/

| & Guard cells Sclerenchyma Xylem parenchyma Phloem parenchyma

`

  1. Basis at Top: Division and differentiation capability.
  2. Permanent Sub-branches: Simple tissues and Complex tissues.
  3. Simple Tissues: Dermal tissue (Epidermal/Guard cells) and Ground tissue (Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma).
  4. Complex Tissues: Xylem (Tracheids, Vessels, Xylem parenchyma) and Phloem (Sieve tubes, Phloem parenchyma).
SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 10

  • English:

The structural arrangement of cells in any tissue directly complements its specific function:

  1. Water Conduction: Xylem cells are elongated, hollow, tube-like dead cells with thick lignified walls to withstand high water pressure during upward transport.
  2. Growth: Meristematic cells are small with thin walls, dense cytoplasm, and prominent nuclei to allow continuous cell division.
  3. Gas Exchange in Land Adaptation: As organisms moved from water to land, terrestrial leaves developed a continuous dermal layer ending in stomata enclosed by guard cells to regulate gaseous exchange while conserving water.
  • Hindi:
SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 11

  • English:
  1. By Division Ability:
  • Meristematic Tissues: Actively dividing cells at root/stem tips (apical) and sides (lateral) responsible for growth.
  • Permanent Tissues: Mature cells that have lost the power of division and perform specialized tasks.
  1. By Structural Complexity:
  • Simple Permanent Tissues: Composed of a single type of cells (Parenchyma for storage/photosynthesis, Collenchyma for flexibility, Sclerenchyma for mechanical strength).
  • Complex Permanent Tissues: Composed of different cell types working together (Xylem for water transport, Phloem for food transport).
  • Hindi:
SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 12

  • English:

Animal tissues are grouped primarily on the basis of their functions and physiological roles into four major categories:

  1. Dermal / Epithelial Tissue: Functions as protective outer coverings and linings of organs.
  2. Connective Tissue: Functions in binding, supporting, and transporting materials (Adipose, Interstitial, Skeletal – Bone/Cartilage, Fluid – Blood/Lymph).
  3. Muscular Tissue: Functions in voluntary and involuntary body movements (Striated, Unstriated, Cardiac).
  4. Nervous Tissue: Functions in conducting impulses/sensations and coordinating responses.
  • Hindi:
SECTION / EXERCISE

Exercise Question 13

  • English:
  1. Basis of Viability (Living vs Dead):
  • Living Tissues: Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Epithelium, Muscles (active metabolism and cytoplasm).
  • Dead Tissues: Sclerenchyma, Xylem vessels/tracheids, Cork/Bark (lignified dead cell walls providing rigid mechanical support).
  1. Basis of Location/Origin:
  • Surface/Covering Tissues: Dermal and Epithelial tissues.
  • Internal Vascular/Transport Tissues: Xylem, Phloem, Blood, Lymph.
  • Hindi:
  • English:

Human placenta and umbilical cord blood are rich sources of undifferentiated stem cells. Stem cells possess the unique ability to continuously divide and differentiate into various specialized cell types (like blood cells, nerve cells, or heart tissue cells). They are stored in stem cell banks/laboratories to reconstruct damaged tissues or replace diseased organs in the future treatment of life-threatening conditions like leukemia, spinal injuries, and tissue degeneration.

  • Hindi:

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